Council of Europe

Official English text of the Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data (ETS No. 108), opened for signature in Strasbourg on 28 January 1981 — the first binding international instrument on data protection, comprising 20 articles. The Convention as modernised by Protocol CETS No. 223 (“Convention 108+”) is published separately in this library.

Official English text of Protocol CETS No. 223, which modernises Convention 108 (the “Convention 108+”) — opened for signature in Strasbourg on 10 October 2018, comprising 40 articles: amendments to Convention 108 article by article (Articles 1–35) and final clauses (Articles 36–40). Per the Council of Europe Treaty Office, it enters into force upon ratification by all Parties to Treaty ETS 108, or, as from 11 October 2023, once 38 Parties to the Convention have ratified it.